\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0441\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0441 “\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0448\u0443\u043c\u043e\u043c” \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c-\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b – \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f – RGBA. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0443\u0442 2 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430: BMP \u0438 TGA. BMP – \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439, TGA – \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430, Photoshop \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 4 bytes BMPs, Windows Paint \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 TGAs, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0430 (\u0432 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435 Texture)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Windows<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c VS, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c C:\\CPP\\a997modeler<\/em>\\p_windows\\p_windows.sln<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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2. \u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c Texture.h<\/em> \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430:<\/p>\n\n\n

\n #pragma once\n#include <string>\n#include <vector>\n\nclass Texture\n{\npublic:\n    \/\/texture's individual descriptor:\n    unsigned int GLid = -1; \/\/ GL texture id\n    int size[2] = { 0,0 };  \/\/ image size\n    std::string source; \/\/file name\n    \/\/end of descriptor\n\n    \/\/static array (vector) of all loaded textures\n    static std::vector<Texture*> textures;\n\npublic:\n    static int loadTexture(std::string filePath);\n    static int findTexture(std::string filePath);\n    static int cleanUp();\n    static unsigned int getGLid(int texN) { return textures.at(texN)->GLid; };\n\n    static int saveBMP(std::string filePath, unsigned char* buff, int w, int h, int bytesPerPixel=4);\n    static int saveTGA(std::string filePath, unsigned char* buff, int w, int h, int bytesPerPixel=4);\n};\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
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 3. \u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c Texture.cpp<\/em> \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430: <\/p>\n\n\n
\n#include "Texture.h"\n#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION  \/\/required by stb_image.h\n#include "stb_image.h"\n#include "platform.h"\n#include "utils.h"\n\n\/\/static array (vector) of all loaded textures\nstd::vector<Texture*> Texture::textures;\n\nint Texture::loadTexture(std::string filePath) {\n    int texN = findTexture(filePath);\n    if (texN >= 0)\n        return texN;\n    \/\/if here - texture wasn't loaded\n    \/\/create Texture object\n    Texture* pTex = new Texture();\n    textures.push_back(pTex);\n    pTex->source.assign(filePath);\n    \/\/ load an image\n    int nrChannels;\n    unsigned char* imgData = stbi_load(filePath.c_str(),\n        &pTex->size[0], &pTex->size[1], &nrChannels, 4); \/\/"4"-convert to 4 channels -RGBA\n    if (imgData == NULL) {\n        mylog("ERROR in Texture::loadTexture loading image %s\\n", filePath.c_str());\n    }\n    \/\/ generate texture\n    glGenTextures(1, &pTex->GLid);\n    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, pTex->GLid);\n    \/\/ set the texture wrapping\/filtering options (on the currently bound texture object)\n    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);\n    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);\n    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);\n    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);\n    \/\/ attach\/load image data\n    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, pTex->size[0], pTex->size[1], 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, imgData);\n    glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);\n    \/\/ release image data\n    stbi_image_free(imgData);\n\n    return (textures.size() - 1);\n}\nint Texture::findTexture(std::string filePath) {\n    int texturesN = textures.size();\n    if (texturesN < 1)\n        return -1;\n    for (int i = 0; i < texturesN; i++) {\n        Texture* pTex = textures.at(i);\n        if (pTex->source.compare(filePath) == 0)\n            return i;\n    }\n    return -1;\n}\nint Texture::cleanUp() {\n    int texturesN = textures.size();\n    if (texturesN < 1)\n        return -1;\n    \/\/detach all textures\n    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); \/\/ activate the texture unit first before binding texture\n    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);\n    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);\n    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);\n    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE2);\n    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);\n    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE3);\n    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);\n    \/\/release all textures\n    for (int i = 0; i < texturesN; i++) {\n        Texture* pTex = textures.at(i);\n        glDeleteTextures(1, &pTex->GLid);\n        delete pTex;\n    }\n    textures.clear();\n    return 1;\n}\nint Texture::saveBMP(std::string filePath, unsigned char* buff, int w, int h, int bytesPerPixel) {\n    std::string fullPath = getFullPath(filePath);\n    std::string inAppPath = getInAppPath(fullPath);\n    makeDirs(inAppPath);\n    FILE* outFile;\n    myFopen_s(&outFile, fullPath.c_str(), "wb");\n    if (outFile == NULL) {\n        mylog("ERROR in Texture::saveBMP: Can't create file %s\\n", filePath.c_str());\n        return -1;\n    }\n    struct {\n        char chars2skip[2]; \/\/\n            \/\/BMP Header\n        char bm[2] = { 0x42, 0x4D }; \/\/\t"BM"\n        myUint32 fileSize = 0; \/\/ Size of the BMP file, little-endian\n        myUint32 unused = 0;\n        myUint32 dataOffset = 0; \/\/ Offset where the pixel array (bitmap data) can be found, little-endian\n        \/\/DIB Header\n        myUint32 dibHeaderSize = 0; \/\/ Number of bytes in the DIB header, little-endian\n        myUint32 imgW = 0; \/\/ Width of the bitmap in pixels, little-endian\n        myUint32 imgH = 0; \/\/ Height of the bitmap in pixels, little-endian\n        char colorPlainsN[2] = { 1,0 };\n        char bitsPerPixel[2] = { 32,0 };\n        myUint32 compression = 0; \/\/0-BI_RGB\n        myUint32 dataSize = 0; \/\/ Size of the raw bitmap data (including padding), little-endian\n        myUint32 printResution[2] = { 2835 ,2835 }; \/\/ Print resolution of the image,\n                \/\/72 DPI \u00d7 39.3701 inches per metre yields 2834.6472, little-endian\n        myUint32 paletteColors = 0; \/\/ Number of colors in the palette\n        myUint32 importantColors = 0; \/\/0 means all colors are important\n    } bmpHeader;\n    int rowSize = w * bytesPerPixel;\n    int rowPadding = (4 - rowSize % 4) % 4;\n    int rowSizeWithPadding = rowSize + rowPadding;\n    int dataSize = rowSizeWithPadding * h;\n    int headerSize = sizeof(bmpHeader) - 2; \/\/-chars2skip\n    bmpHeader.fileSize = dataSize + headerSize;\n    bmpHeader.dataOffset = headerSize;\n    bmpHeader.dibHeaderSize = headerSize - 14; \/\/-BMP Header size\n    bmpHeader.imgW = w;\n    bmpHeader.imgH = h;\n    if (bytesPerPixel != 4)\n        bmpHeader.bitsPerPixel[0] = bytesPerPixel * 8;\n    bmpHeader.dataSize = dataSize;\n    fwrite(&bmpHeader.bm, 1, headerSize, outFile);\n    \/\/data, from bottom to top\n    unsigned char zero[4] = { 0,0,0,0 };\n    unsigned char bgra[4];\n    for (int y = h - 1; y >= 0; y--) {\n        for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {\n            int pixelOffset = y * rowSize + x * 4;\n            bgra[0] = buff[pixelOffset + 2];\n            bgra[1] = buff[pixelOffset + 1];\n            bgra[2] = buff[pixelOffset + 0];\n            bgra[3] = buff[pixelOffset + 3];\n            fwrite(bgra, 1, bytesPerPixel, outFile);\n        }\n        if (rowPadding != 0)\n            fwrite(zero, 1, rowPadding, outFile);\n    }\n    fflush(outFile);\n    fclose(outFile);\n\n    return 1;\n}\n\nint Texture::saveTGA(std::string filePath, unsigned char* buff, int w, int h, int bytesPerPixel) {\n    std::string fullPath = getFullPath(filePath);\n    std::string inAppPath = getInAppPath(fullPath);\n    makeDirs(inAppPath);\n    FILE* outFile;\n    myFopen_s(&outFile, fullPath.c_str(), "wb");\n    if (outFile == NULL) {\n        mylog("ERROR in Texture::saveBMP: Can't create file %s\\n", filePath.c_str());\n        return -1;\n    }\n    unsigned char tgaHeader[18] = { 0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, (unsigned char)(w % 256), (unsigned char)(w \/ 256),\n        (unsigned char)(h % 256), (unsigned char)(h \/ 256), (unsigned char)(bytesPerPixel * 8), 0x20 };\n    fwrite(tgaHeader, 1, 18, outFile);\n    \/\/data\n    unsigned char bgra[4];\n    for (int i = 0; i < w * h; i++) {\n        int pixelOffset = i * 4;\n        bgra[0] = buff[pixelOffset + 2];\n        bgra[1] = buff[pixelOffset + 1];\n        bgra[2] = buff[pixelOffset + 0];\n        bgra[3] = buff[pixelOffset + 3];\n        fwrite(bgra, 1, bytesPerPixel, outFile);\n    }\n    fflush(outFile);\n    fclose(outFile);\n\n    return 1;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
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\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435, \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e header \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f BGRA<\/strong>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 RGBA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c, \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0443\u043c<\/strong>. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c 64×64 RGBA \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 4-\u0445\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439). \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435 4 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442 0 \u0434\u043e 255, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 4-\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430. \u0421\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 TheGame::run()<\/em>. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 2 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 – \u0441 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 <\/em>\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 (0 \u0438\u043b\u0438 <\/strong>255):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 – \u0441 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c (\u043e\u0442 0 \u0434\u043e 255):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0418 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 4-\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0438<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u041e\u0431\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 BMP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0448\u043e\u043f\u0435, \u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 TGA.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u041a\u043e\u0434:<\/p>\n\n\n
\nint TheGame::run() {\n    \/*\n    getReady();\n    while (!bExitGame) {\n        drawFrame();\n    }\n    cleanUp();\n    *\/\n    int wh[2] = { 64,64 };\n    int bytesPerPixel = 4;\n    unsigned char* buff = new unsigned char[wh[1] * wh[0] * 4];\n    std::string fileName = "wn64_2";\n    for (int y = 0; y < wh[1]; y++)\n        for (int x = 0; x < wh[0]; x++) {\n            int idx = (y * wh[1] + x) * bytesPerPixel;\n            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)\n                buff[idx + i] = getRandom(0, 1) * 255;\n        }\n    Texture::saveBMP("\/dt\/out\/" + fileName + ".bmp", (unsigned char*)buff, wh[0], wh[1]);\n\n    fileName = "wn64_256";\n    for (int y = 0; y < wh[1]; y++)\n        for (int x = 0; x < wh[0]; x++) {\n            int idx = (y * wh[1] + x) * bytesPerPixel;\n            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)\n                buff[idx + i] = getRandom(0, 255);\n        }\n    Texture::saveBMP("\/dt\/out\/" + fileName + ".bmp", (unsigned char*)buff, wh[0], wh[1]);\n\n    delete[] buff;\n    mylog("Ready\\n");\n    return 1;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
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4. \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043c TheGame.cpp<\/em> \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u041d\u0415<\/strong> \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e run()<\/em> \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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5. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C:\\CPP\\a997modeler\\p_windows\\Debug\\dt\\out<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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6. \u0412 Windows File Explorer<\/strong>-\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 C:\\CPP\\engine\\dt<\/em> \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0432 C:\\CPP\\engine\\dt\\common\\img\\whitenoise <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\n\n\n\n
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